CVE-2026-44118

Description

OpenClaw before 2026.4.22 derives loopback MCP owner context from spoofable server-issued bearer tokens in request headers. Non-owner loopback clients can present themselves as owner to bypass owner-gated operations by manipulating the sender-owner header metadata.

Overview

State: PUBLISHED
Assigner (CNA): VulnCheck
CVSS severity: HIGH
CVSS score: 8.5 / 10
CVSS vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Effective score: 8.5 / 10 HIGH source: CNA overview
CWE(s): CWE-290
Reserved: 2026-05-05
Published: 2026-05-06 21:49 UTC
Last updated: 2026-05-07 19:22 UTC
Source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/44xxx/CVE-2026-44118.json
Linked Threat: CVE-2026-44118 — OpenClaw < 2026.4.22 - Owner Context Spoofing via Bearer Token Header

NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0

Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.

NVD published: 2026-05-06 20:16:35 UTC
NVD last modified: 2026-05-07 17:07:19 UTC
NVD CVSS v3.1: 7.8 / 10 HIGH source: disclosure@vulncheck.com
NVD CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Exploitability subscore: 1.8 / 10
Impact subscore: 5.9 / 10
EPSS score: 0.0001 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
EPSS percentile: 1.85% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-05-24

European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD

ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.

EUVD ID: EUVD-2026-28201
Assigner: VulnCheck
Published: May 6, 2026, 7:49:37 PM
Updated: May 7, 2026, 5:22:50 PM
EUVD base score (CVSS 4.0): 8.5 / 10
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
EUVD-reported EPSS: 0.0100
Vendors: OpenClaw
Products: OpenClaw (0 <2026.4.22)

OpenClaw

ENISA description: OpenClaw before 2026.4.22 derives loopback MCP owner context from spoofable server-issued bearer tokens in request headers. Non-owner loopback clients can present themselves as owner to bypass owner-gated operations by manipulating the sender-owner header metadata.

EUVD references (3)

Affected products (1)

Vendor	Product	Versions	Platforms
OpenClaw	OpenClaw	`0` (affected), `2026.4.22` (unaffected)	—

Affected products — CPE 2.3 (1) NVD

NVD's normalized CPE 2.3 matchers, used by vendor tools (vulnerability scanners, asset managers) for automated detection. Compare with the CNA's free-text "Affected products" section above.

cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*

Vendor references (3)

References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.

GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-r6xh-pqhr-v4xh) vendor-advisory
Patch Commit patch
VulnCheck Advisory: OpenClaw < 2026.4.22 - Owner Context Spoofing via Bearer Token Header third-party-advisory

MITRE references (3) cveawg.mitre.org

Pulled from MITRE's CVE Services API by the 🛰 Backfill from MITRE button.

VulnCheck Advisory: OpenClaw < 2026.4.22 - Owner Context Spoofing via Bearer Token Header third-party-advisory
GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-r6xh-pqhr-v4xh) vendor-advisory
Patch Commit patch

Web references (6)

DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.

https://www.first.org/epss/ tenable:www.first.org
https://www.securityweek.com/claw-chain-openclaw-flaws-allow-sandbox-escape-backdoor-delivery/ tenable:www.securityweek.com
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44118 tenable:nvd.nist.gov
https://thehackernews.com/2026/05/four-openclaw-flaws-enable-data-theft.html tenable:thehackernews.com
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-44118 tenable:www.cve.org
https://www.databreachtoday.com/patched-openclaw-flaw-let-hackers-hijack-ai-agents-a-31720 tenable:www.databreachtoday.com

NVD-tagged references (3)

Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.

https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/3cb1a56bfc9579a0f2336f9cfa12a8a744332a19 disclosure@vulncheck.com Patch
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-r6xh-pqhr-v4xh disclosure@vulncheck.com MitigationVendor Advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-owner-context-spoofing-via-bearer-token-header disclosure@vulncheck.com Third Party Advisory

Remediations (18)

Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.

CVE-2026-44185 - Red Hat Customer Portal

web:access.redhat.com

Overall, you have the following options: Upgrade to a supported product version that includes a fix for this vulnerability (recommended). Apply a mitigation (if one exists). Customers with the Technical Account Manager (TAM) RHEL Security Select Add-on can review this CVE directly with their TAM.

2026-11-03 05:16 UTC
CVE Vulnerabilities 2026: Critical Flaws & Fixes Hub

web:cyberupdates365.com

Track critical CVE vulnerabilities 2026 with verified enterprise patch guides. Fix zero-days across VMware, WordPress, Windows, and cloud infrastructure.

2026-11-03 05:16 UTC
Cisco Meraki Security Hardening Release: October 2026

web:sec.cloudapps.cisco.com

As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, engineering teams conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in software hardening releases that address multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities were found during internal testing and are not known to be actively exploited. To assist customers in patching ...

2026-11-03 05:16 UTC
Microsoft Patch Tracker (October 2026): Exploit-Ranked | Senserva

web:senserva.com

Every Microsoft security patch (KB) and the CVEs it fixes, with severity, CVSS, and CISA KEV status. Cross-linked to the CVE reference.

2026-11-03 05:16 UTC
CVE-2026-54118: Patch SQL Server RCE in July 2026 Updates

web:windowsforum.com

CVE - 2026 -54118 exposes supported Microsoft SQL Server installations to remote code execution through unsafe deserialization, with Microsoft assigning the vulnerability a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8.

2026-11-03 05:16 UTC
What Is CVE Remediation in 2026? - aikido.dev

web:www.aikido.dev

None of these is a clean fix , which is why the decision on how to remediate depends on knowing what package versions are running in production and why. This post will cover how AI has accelerated CVE detection and discovery, the upgrade trap, what CVE remediation actually involves in 2026 , and how to solve the CVE remediation problem.

2026-11-03 05:16 UTC
Oracle Critical Patch Update Advisory - July 2026

web:www.oracle.com

This Critical Patch Update contains 1448 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that a My Oracle Support (MOS) note summarizing the content of this Critical Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at July 2026 Critical Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.

2026-11-03 05:16 UTC
Oracle Critical Security Patch Update Advisory - September 2026

web:www.oracle.com

Prior Critical Patch Update and Critical Security Patch Update advisories should be reviewed for information regarding earlier published security patches. Refer to Critical Patch Updates, Critical Security Patch Updates, Security Alerts and Bulletins for information about Oracle Security advisories.

2026-11-03 05:16 UTC
Microsoft Defender CVE-2026-41091 & CVE-2026-45498

web:thecyberexpress.com

Microsoft confirms active exploitation of CVE - 2026 -41091 and CVE - 2026 -45498 in Defender, with CVSS-rated risks, KEV listing, and urgent patches issued.

2026-05-22 17:21 UTC
Patch Tuesday May 2026: Security Updates & CVE Analysis

web:zecurit.com

Get the complete breakdown of Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday. We analyze the latest security updates and all critical CVEs .

2026-05-22 17:21 UTC
Microsoft's March 2026 update fixes 80+ security vulnerabilities

web:www.pcworld.com

This month's Patch Tuesday brings over 80 fixes for various security vulnerabilities. Fortunately, none are actively being exploited in the wild yet.

2026-05-22 17:21 UTC
Microsoft and Adobe Patch Tuesday, April 2026 Security Update Review

web:blog.qualys.com

With Qualys Policy Audit's out-of-the-box mitigation or Compensatory Controls, which reduce the risk of a vulnerability being exploited because the remediation ( fix / patch ) cannot be done immediately, these security controls are not recommended by any industry standards, such as CIS and DISA-STIG.

2026-05-22 17:21 UTC
February 2026 Patch Tuesday: Updates and Analysis | CrowdStrike

web:www.crowdstrike.com

Microsoft's February 2026 Patch Tuesday addresses 59 CVEs , featuring six exploited vulnerabilities, three of which were publicly known, and five Critical vulnerabilities.

2026-05-22 17:21 UTC
Nvd - Cve-2026-4118

web:nvd.nist.gov

An official website of the United States government Here's how you know

2026-05-22 17:21 UTC
Security Update Guide - Microsoft

web:portal.msrc.microsoft.com

The Security Update Guide provides information on the latest Microsoft security updates, helping users understand and address potential vulnerabilities effectively.

2026-05-22 17:21 UTC
Microsoft Issues Second Biggest Patch Tuesday Ever in April

web:redmondmag.com

Microsoft April 2026 Patch Tuesday fixed 163 CVEs , marking its second-largest security update. Three zero-day vulnerabilities impacted SharePoint, Chromium-based Edge workflows and Microsoft Defender.

2026-05-22 17:21 UTC
Oracle Critical Patch Update Advisory - April 2026

web:www.oracle.com

This Critical Patch Update contains 481 new security patches across the product families listed below. Please note that an MOS note summarizing the content of this Critical Patch Update and other Oracle Software Security Assurance activities is located at April 2026 Critical Patch Update: Executive Summary and Analysis.

2026-05-22 17:21 UTC
May 2026 Microsoft Patch Tuesday | Tenable®

web:www.tenable.com

Microsoft fixed 118 CVEs in the May 2026 Patch Tuesday, with no zero-days exploited in the wild or publicly disclosed for the first time since June 2024.

2026-05-22 17:21 UTC

AI Forensic Analysis

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Raw JSON

The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2026-44118.json.

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