s1
--:--:--UTC

Searching APEX

Starting…

  1. ○ Searching Threats, IOCs & Threat Intelligence locally
  2. ○ Querying external providers
  3. ○ Asking AI Forensic Validator
  4. ○ Creating new entry from validated hit

0s elapsed

CVE-2026-40682

📛 CVE Title

Apache OpenNLP: XXE via Dictionary Parsing in DictionaryEntryPersistor

⬇ Download JSON ⚠ View as Threat

Description

XML External Entity (XXE) via Unsanitized Dictionary Parsing in Apache OpenNLP DictionaryEntryPersistor Versions Affected: before 2.5.9, before 3.0.0-M3 Description: The DictionaryEntryPersistor class initializes a static SAXParserFactory at class-load time without enabling FEATURE_SECURE_PROCESSING or disabling DTD processing. When create(InputStream, EntryInserter) is invoked, the only feature set on the XMLReader is namespace support — external entity resolution and DOCTYPE declarations remain fully enabled. An attacker who can supply a crafted dictionary file (e.g., a stop-word list or domain dictionary) containing a malicious DOCTYPE declaration can trigger local file disclosure via file:// entity references or server-side request forgery via http:// entity references during SAX parsing, before the application processes a single dictionary entry. This is inconsistent with the project's own XmlUtil.createSaxParser() helper, which correctly sets FEATURE_SECURE_PROCESSING and disallow-doctype-decl and is used by all other XML parsing paths in the codebase. The public Dictionary(InputStream) constructor delegates directly to this method and is the documented API for loading user-supplied dictionaries, making untrusted input a realistic scenario. Mitigation: 2.x users should upgrade to 2.5.9. 3.x users should upgrade to 3.0.0-M3. Users who cannot upgrade immediately should ensure that all dictionary files are sourced from trusted origins and should consider wrapping the Dictionary(InputStream) constructor with input validation that rejects any XML containing a DOCTYPE declaration before it reaches the parser.

Overview

State
PUBLISHED
Assigner (CNA)
apache
CVSS severity
critical
CVSS score
CVSS 9.1 / 10 9.1 9.1 / 10
CVSS vector
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Effective score
9.1 / 10 CRITICAL source: CNA overview
CWE(s)
CWE-611
Reserved
2026-04-14
Published
2026-05-04 18:55 UTC
Last updated
2026-05-05 17:02 UTC
Source
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/40xxx/CVE-2026-40682.json
Linked Threat
CVE-2026-40682 — CVE-2026-40682

NVD triage scoring NVD CVE 2.0

Layer NVD adds on top of the CNA's CVE record — published / last-modified timestamps, exploitability / impact subscores, and the FIRST.org EPSS probability that this CVE will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.

NVD published
2026-05-04 17:16:23 UTC
NVD last modified
2026-05-06 18:00:49 UTC
NVD CVSS v3.1
CVSS 9.1 / 10 9.1 9.1 / 10 CRITICAL source: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
NVD CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Exploitability subscore
3.9 / 10
Impact subscore
5.2 / 10
EPSS score
0.0011 (probability of exploitation in next 30 days)
EPSS percentile
29.45% vs all CVEs — higher = more likely to be exploited, as of 2026-05-24

NVD / KEV / EPSS data refreshed 2026-05-25 10:53 UTC. Re-run the 🛰 Backfill from NVD button above to refresh.

European Union Vulnerability Database ENISA EUVD

ENISA's official EU repository for curated vulnerability intelligence. Carries a separate identifier (EUVD-YYYY-NNNN) and frequently exposes an earlier-published description + CVSS than NVD does.

EUVD ID
EUVD-2026-27003
Assigner
apache
Published
May 4, 2026, 4:55:55 PM
Updated
May 5, 2026, 3:02:14 PM
EUVD base score (CVSS 3.1)
9.1 / 10
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
EUVD-reported EPSS
0.1100
Vendors
Apache Software Foundation
Products
Apache OpenNLP (0 <2.5.9)
Apache OpenNLP (3.0 <3.0.0-M3)

ENISA description: XML External Entity (XXE) via Unsanitized Dictionary Parsing in Apache OpenNLP DictionaryEntryPersistor Versions Affected: before 2.5.9, before 3.0.0-M3 Description: The DictionaryEntryPersistor class initializes a static SAXParserFactory at class-load time without enabling FEATURE_SECURE_PROCESSING or disabling DTD processing. When create(InputStream, EntryInserter) is invoked, the only feature set on the XMLReader is namespace support — external entity resolution and DOCTYPE declarations remain fully enabled. An attacker who can supply a crafted dictionary file (e.g., a stop-word list or domain dictionary) containing a malicious DOCTYPE declaration can trigger local file disclosure via file:// entity references or server-side request forgery via http:// entity references during SAX parsing, before the application processes a single dictionary entry. This is inconsistent with the project's own XmlUtil.createSaxParser() helper, which correctly sets FEATURE_SECURE_PROCESSING and disallow-doctype-decl and is used by all other XML parsing paths in the codebase. The public Dictionary(InputStream) constructor delegates directly to this method and is the documented API for loading user-supplied dictionaries, making untrusted input a realistic scenario. Mitigation: 2.x users should upgrade to 2.5.9. 3.x users should upgrade to 3.0.0-M3. Users who cannot upgrade immediately should ensure that all dictionary files are sourced from trusted origins and should consider wrapping the Dictionary(InputStream) constructor with input validation that rejects any XML containing a DOCTYPE declaration before it reaches the parser.

EUVD references (1)

Affected products (1)
VendorProductVersionsPlatforms
Apache Software Foundation Apache OpenNLP 0 (affected), 3.0 (affected) —

Affected products — CPE 2.3 (3) NVD

NVD's normalized CPE 2.3 matchers, used by vendor tools (vulnerability scanners, asset managers) for automated detection. Compare with the CNA's free-text "Affected products" section above.

  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:opennlp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:opennlp:3.0.0:m1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:opennlp:3.0.0:m2:*:*:*:*:*:*

Vendor references (1)

References embedded in the original CVE record by the assigning CNA.

MITRE references (1) cveawg.mitre.org

Pulled from MITRE's CVE Services API by the 🛰 Backfill from MITRE button.

Web references (4)

DuckDuckGo results ranked by threat-intel / vendor advisory domains. Generated by the 🔎 Find references (web) button above — same flow as the Remediations search.

NVD-tagged references (2)

Reference list NVD curates from the CNA record, vendor advisories, and third-party reports. The tag chips below are NVD's analyst-assigned categories.

Remediations (19)

Remediations are stored against the linked Threat row; the list below is deduplicated across both pages.

AI Forensic Analysis

Only Available for Registered Users. Sign in to view.

Raw JSON

The full cvelistV5 record. Download as CVE-2026-40682.json.

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-04T17:36:52.681Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/05/01/19"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      },
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
              "baseScore": 9.1,
              "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-40682",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-05T15:01:49.614474Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-05T15:02:14.483Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "org.apache.opennlp:opennlp-tools",
          "product": "Apache OpenNLP",
          "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "2.5.9",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3.0.0-M3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Subramanian S"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "<p><strong>XML External Entity (XXE) via Unsanitized Dictionary Parsing in Apache OpenNLP DictionaryEntryPersistor</strong></p>\n<p><strong>Versions Affected:</strong> before 2.5.9, before 3.0.0-M3</p>\n<p><strong>Description:</strong> The <code>DictionaryEntryPersistor</code> class initializes a static <code>SAXParserFactory</code> at class-load time without enabling <code>FEATURE_SECURE_PROCESSING</code> or disabling DTD processing. When <code>create(InputStream, EntryInserter)</code> is invoked, the only feature set on the <code>XMLReader</code> is namespace support \u2014 external entity resolution and DOCTYPE declarations remain fully enabled. An attacker who can supply a crafted dictionary file (e.g., a stop-word list or domain dictionary) containing a malicious DOCTYPE declaration can trigger local file disclosure via <code>file://</code> entity references or server-side request forgery via <code>http://</code> entity references during SAX parsing, before the application processes a single dictionary entry. This is inconsistent with the project's own <code>XmlUtil.createSaxParser()</code> helper, which correctly sets <code>FEATURE_SECURE_PROCESSING</code> and <code>disallow-doctype-decl</code> and is used by all other XML parsing paths in the codebase. The public <code>Dictionary(InputStream)</code> constructor delegates directly to this method and is the documented API for loading user-supplied dictionaries, making untrusted input a realistic scenario.</p>\n<p><strong>Mitigation:</strong> 2.x users should upgrade to 2.5.9. 3.x users should upgrade to 3.0.0-M3. Users who cannot upgrade immediately should ensure that all dictionary files are sourced from trusted origins and should consider wrapping the <code>Dictionary(InputStream)</code> constructor with input validation that rejects any XML containing a DOCTYPE declaration before it reaches the parser.<br></p>"
            }
          ],
          "value": "XML External Entity (XXE) via Unsanitized Dictionary Parsing in Apache OpenNLP DictionaryEntryPersistor\n\n\nVersions Affected: before 2.5.9, before 3.0.0-M3\n\n\nDescription: The DictionaryEntryPersistor class initializes a static SAXParserFactory at class-load time without enabling FEATURE_SECURE_PROCESSING or disabling DTD processing. When create(InputStream, EntryInserter) is invoked, the only feature set on the XMLReader is namespace support \u2014 external entity resolution and DOCTYPE declarations remain fully enabled. An attacker who can supply a crafted dictionary file (e.g., a stop-word list or domain dictionary) containing a malicious DOCTYPE declaration can trigger local file disclosure via file:// entity references or server-side request forgery via http:// entity references during SAX parsing, before the application processes a single dictionary entry. This is inconsistent with the project's own XmlUtil.createSaxParser() helper, which correctly sets FEATURE_SECURE_PROCESSING and disallow-doctype-decl and is used by all other XML parsing paths in the codebase. The public Dictionary(InputStream) constructor delegates directly to this method and is the documented API for loading user-supplied dictionaries, making untrusted input a realistic scenario.\n\n\nMitigation: 2.x users should upgrade to 2.5.9. 3.x users should upgrade to 3.0.0-M3. Users who cannot upgrade immediately should ensure that all dictionary files are sourced from trusted origins and should consider wrapping the Dictionary(InputStream) constructor with input validation that rejects any XML containing a DOCTYPE declaration before it reaches the parser."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "other": {
            "content": {
              "text": "moderate"
            },
            "type": "Textual description of severity"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-611",
              "description": "CWE-611 Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-04T16:55:55.834Z",
        "orgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
        "shortName": "apache"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/r6jpt0qr9nj67gqhppqg7jxf8vsbo0w6"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Apache OpenNLP: XXE via Dictionary Parsing in DictionaryEntryPersistor",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
    "assignerShortName": "apache",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-40682",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-04T16:55:55.834Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-04-14T17:21:09.189Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-05T15:02:14.483Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}